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Webinar!

Short for Web-based seminar, a presentation, lecture, workshop or seminar that is transmitted over the Web.

A key feature of a Webinar is it allow ineraction between prensenter and aundience. Webinar has ability to give ,receive and discuss information.

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About CRAP!

CONTRAST
Contrast can be the most important visual aspect of a page. The principle is to avoid elements on the page that are merely similar – if they are not the same – then make them VERY different.

REPETITION
Repeat visual elements throughout – colour, shape, etc. Develops organisation and strengthens the unity.

ALIGNMENT
Nothing should be placed on your page randomly. Every element should have some visual connection with another element on the page.
This creates a clean, sophisticated look.

PROXIMITY
Items relating to each other should be group close together. Items in close proximity become one visual unit rather than several separate, unrelated units.
Reduces clutter and confusing your reader.

The elements of multimedia!

*Computer general graphics
*Animation
*Video
*Sound

Summary of Mayer-Multimedia(3)!

The effects are become the principles of multimedia design.

I will design the whole course address by these principles.
Concusions about the design of multimedia learning
1. Theory-based. The design of multimedia messages should be based on a theory of how the huma mind works.
2. Research-based. The disgn of multimedia messages should be based on research findings.
*****People learn better when multimedia messages are designed in ways that are consistent with how the human mind works and with research-based principles.

Summary of Mayer-Multimedia(2)!

*Multimedia effect:People leanr better from words and pictures
than from words alone. (narration & animation)
*Spatial contifuity effect:People learn better when corresponding
words and pictures are presented near
rather than far from each other on the
page or screen.(integrated text &
animation)
*Temporal contifuity effect:People learn better when
corresponding words and pictures are
presented simultaneou rather than
successively. (simultaneous animation
& narration)
*Coherence effect(type 1):People learn better when interesting
but irrelevant detail are excluded
rather than included
*Coherence effect(type 2):People learn better when interesting
but irrelevant sounds and music are
excluded rather than included
*Coherence effect(type 3):People learn better or just as well
when nonessential words are excluded
rahter than included
*Modality effect:People learn better when words are presented as
narration rather than as on-screen text.
(animation with narration)
*Redundancy effect:People learn better when words are presented
as narration rather than as on-screeen text.
(animation with narration)
*Personalization effect:People learn better when words are in
conversation style rather than formal
style. (role-play?)
*Interactivity effect:People learn better when they have control
over the pace of presentation than when
they do not. (interactive)(role-play, they
control it)
*Signaling effect:People learn better when the words include cues
about the organisation of the presentation rather
than no cues. (?)
*Individual differences effect: Strong effects for high spatial
ability learners but not for low
spatial ability learners.
*Individual differences effect: Strong effects for low knowledge
learners but not for high knowledge
learners.

Summary of Mayer-Multimedia(1)!

Three view of multimedia:
1.Delivery media—use computer screen and speaker
2.Presentation modes–on screen text and animation
3.Sensory modalities
Two approaches ot Multimedia Design(MD)
*Technology centered
*Learner centered
Two Metaphors of Multimedia learning(ML)
*information acquisition
*knowledge construction–building a coherent mental
structure,eg:5 steps of workplace probelm sovling?
Two goals of ML
*Remembering—write down all you can remember (test)
*Understanding—list some ways to improve the reliability (test)
Test methods:
Retention Test: remembering
Transfer Test: understanding
Three Assumptions of a cognitive theory of ML:
1.Dual channels
2.Limited capacity
3.Active selected

Principles of Learning theories (5)!

Social Learning Theory is focus on observing and modeling.
The four processess of observational learning are:
1.Attention: focus on the features of behaviour to be modeled
2.Retention: how well the behaviour is remembered
3.Reproduction: observed behaviour must be turned into action,
practice and feedback
4.Reinforcement: to motivate learners to reproduce and perform
the behaviours

After I wrote these principles of learning theories. I found it very useful for me to review what is this thoery about and if I use this learnig thoery to address my e-learning course what kind of activities should I use to match the principle of the theories.

Principles of Learning theories (4)!

Principles of Constructivist Theory:
1.Instruction must be concerned with the experiences and context that make the learner willing and able to learn (readiness)
2.Instruction must be structured so that it can be easily grasped by the learner (spiral organisation)
3.Instruction should be designed to facilitate extrapolation and/or fill in the gaps (going beyond the information given)

Principles of Learning theories (3)!

Principles of Humanist theory:

1.People learn by relating the world to their previous experience – they learn by doing
2.People learn in a free environment that permits and encourages development of potential, self-
expression and self-determination
3.People learn co-operatively, which includes constructive feedback in a non-competitive
environment
4.The learning that has most meaning for people is that which is contructed by individuals out of
their experience

The Humanist approach focus on expriencial learning. Such as principle 1 said, people learn by relating the world to their previous exeprience. It is very important for me to design my course. Workplace problem solving, it will be very helpful for learner to understand the steps and skills of this topic by relate to their exeprience.